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‘Playing for India, the mind becomes stronger than the body’: VVS on his epic Eden knock

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TOI Exclusive | 'Playing for India, the mind becomes stronger than the body': VVS Laxman on epic Eden knock of 2001

It has been hailed as the knock of the century. No other bureau evokes such fond memories and awe as this Pipe Laxman281st Session in Eden, 2001. Stylish Hyderabad’s audacity and steely determination perfectly combined to build a majestic edifice that halted the bull run. Steve WaughRaging Aussies. Laxman brings TOI’s epic match to life… Push boundaries with our YouTube channel. Subscribe now!Your score of 1415 runs remains a domestic season record. Will using quality spinners in Hyderabad Nets help provide a better counter to Shane Warne?My dream has always been to win the Ranji Trophy for Hyderabad and the 1415 runs I scored in 9 games was actually a by-product of working hard to achieve that goal. Looking back, the 1999-2000 domestic season was very special to me. That season gave me confidence and assurance in my game. My score of 353 in the Ranji semi-final against Karnataka was another memorable moment as it requires great concentration, patience and the ability to stay focused for long periods of time.

Exclusive: Rahul Dravid on Eden Gardens’ iconic win over Australia in 2001

Entering the Indian team after the season, the confidence is naturally quite high. But international cricket is always a different challenge, especially when you face the quality bowling Australia had at the time.In Hyderabad, I was lucky enough to face some very good spinners in the nets. These courses were extremely valuable as they helped me develop my approach to mass rotation. Of course, nothing can truly replicate the technique and change-up of someone like Shane Warne, but facing quality spin regularly will certainly help build the confidence and clarity needed to play against him in the game.Tell us how physio Andrew Leipus got you on the field?Two days before the test, I had severe back spasms and could barely move. The credit really goes to Leps for getting me on the field. He worked tirelessly throughout the night and early morning to provide me with treatments, stretch my muscles, and manage my pain. Even though my health is probably only 50-60%, Sourav and John Wright Want me to take a test. I wasn’t feeling well the whole game. Every movement reminds me of the pain in my back, but when you represent your country you just find a way to endure the pain and keep going and the mind becomes stronger than the body.Pain seems to bring out the best in you. Eden, then Mohali…I wouldn’t say the pain got the best of me, but those moments definitely tested my resolve. At Eden, the situation required patience and faith, especially when it came to a partnership with Rahul. During the Mohali game (vs Australia, October 2010), back pain made every move difficult, but when you are so close to helping your team win, you somehow find the strength to keep going. I am grateful that I was able to contribute to helping India both times.From your early days, the longer you stay at the wicket, the better the flow of runs will be…In the early stages of the innings, my focus is always on giving myself time at the crease and understanding the conditions, the pace of the wicket and how the bowlers operate. Once I spent some time in the middle, I became more decisive in my steps and I could choose lengths earlier, which made a big difference. When this happens, the mind becomes clearer and the shots you practice at the net start to come naturally in the game. From here, it’s all about trusting your natural playing ability and becoming more proactive when you’re ready.

Pipe Laxman

VVS Laxman (Getty Images)

Choosing length early is obviously a sign of batting. Do you ever feel like today is your day?Even though we had pressure that day, I felt like I saw the ball well and I was decisive with my feet, which helped me control my shots. Choosing your length early always gives you extra time to hit the ball. But as a batsman, you never really think it’s going to be your day. The focus is just to stay in the moment, be disciplined and build the game play by play.In the first innings, Steve Waugh gets the fielder out on a boundary to get you out of a strike and you caress the ball along the carpet…When you’re in a good rhythm, you can still penetrate gaps in the ground and find boundaries. My timing with the ball was very good at that stage and although Steve Waugh was pushing a lot of fielders to boundaries, my focus was on positioning. The idea is to stay positive, take most of the strikes and continue to build the innings without forcing anything.You and Rahul have been involved in many partnerships in South Zone. But it’s different here. Rahul ordered. Has he shown this at any point during this long relationship? What is the middle dialogue about?Rahul and I have had some memorable partnerships right from our age group cricket days. Just a month before this Test, we had played 300 overs for the South Zone versus the West Zone in the Duleep Trophy. But the situation here is completely different. The game was tough and when he came on in sixth he was extremely calm and professional. He understands exactly what the team needs and focuses on the job at hand. Our conversation was mostly about being patient, being proactive when opportunities arise, and breaking the day into small chunks. The key is to continue to support each other and keep the scoreboard moving forward.The fifth wicket partnership of 376 runs proved to be crucial…The immediate priority is to rebuild innings and batting time. Once Rahul and I settled in, the idea was to make the bowlers work hard and tire them out slowly. We tried to play to our strengths, rotate our offense and take advantage of the opportunities they gave us. As the partnership develops, you can feel the pressure gradually shifting back to Australia. Even after reaching our personal milestones, we never became complacent as our goal was to keep hitting the ball for as long as possible, ideally through the entire fourth day.

TOI's Eden Test Day 3 Report

Playing ball is an uphill climb given your physical condition. How do you break it down?Physically it’s very demanding, especially in those conditions, but we all understand how important that partnership is to the team. We both have the ability to hit the ball for long periods of time, but we try to break the day into smaller sessions. It really helps when you approach it this way because you’re only focused on the next passage of the game. We kept encouraging each other and reminding ourselves that the longer we were there, the stress would shift back to Australia.The second new ball on the fourth morning was crucial…We knew the bowlers were going to hit us hard. So, the second new ball is a very important phase of the game. Our plan was to stay very compact, play late and stay as far away from the stumps as possible. The idea was to end the initial spell by not giving them any early wickets. Once the light faded and we got through that period, it allowed us to regain control and start building innings again.Australians under pressure as boundary balls started flowing?It can be quite challenging when the bowling attack has to attack continuously for long periods of time without success. Once Rahul and I are in position, we try to take advantage of the little bit of time they miss and convert those chances into boundaries. This gradually shifted the momentum in our favor.Did players bringing drinks also anger Australians?There was a lot of energy on the pitch and in the dressing room. Players bringing drinks sometimes delivered messages or encouragement from the team, and the crowd at Eden Gardens was incredibly vocal. I think sometimes that enthusiasm can irritate Australians a little bit, but for us it’s just part of the support we get. What impact will the Eden Gardens Test have on Indian cricket?Australia were a dominant team at the time, so beating them in the subsequent games meant a lot. That match was very special for Indian cricket because it reinforced the belief that we could bounce back from extremely difficult situations and still win a Test match. It demonstrates the value of resilience, patience and belief in Test cricket. For us as a team, this gives us huge confidence moving forward and proves that if we stay mentally strong we can compete with the best teams in the world.

With VVS Laxman in fine form in the first innings, hitting a smooth half-century, coach John Wright and captain Sourav Ganguly decided to swap his batting position with Rahul Dravid in the second innings on day three. Laxman was promoted to No. 3, while Dravid dropped to No. 6 – a decision that went on to become one of the most famous tactical moves in Test cricket history.

For a full list of matches, venues and times, check out the full IPL 2026 Scheduleschedule and match dates for each team.
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Pakistan strikes again in Afghanistan, 4 killed; houses attacked in Kabul

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Pakistan strikes again in Afghanistan, 4 killed; houses attacked in Kabul
Pakistan attacks Afghanistan (AP file photo)

Earlier on Friday, Pakistan struck again in the capital of neighboring Afghanistan, killing four people in Kabul, according to Kabul police.Kabul police spokesman Khalid Zadran confirmed the Pakistani bombing, saying attacks from Islamabad hit homes in the city. He wrote on X that the attack left “four dead and 15 injured.”The latest attacks come as tensions escalate again between the two Islamic neighbors, who have long disputed territory. Islamabad has justified its attacks by claiming that Kabul played a role in numerous terror incidents in Pakistan.Tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan have escalated mainly because Islamabad accuses the Afghan Taliban government of harboring the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), also known as the Pakistani Taliban. Although the TTP is separate from the Afghan Taliban, it shares ideological ties with the group and has intensified attacks into Pakistan from Afghan territory.

Gulf crisis: Administration says it discussed safe passage of ships in Strait of Hormuz with Iran

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Indian ship safety and energy crisis: MEA releases details of Jaishankar-Iran talks

But it did not say whether Tehran had provided any guarantees for ships bound for India.

NEW DELHI: The Indian government said on Thursday that External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar discussed the issue of safe passage for commercial shipping through the Strait of Hormuz when he spoke to his Iranian counterpart Seyed Araghchi on Tuesday, but did not confirm whether Tehran had guaranteed that ships heading to India would not be targeted. According to official sources, government officials are still in contact with their Iranian counterparts to negotiate for the safe passage of around 28 Indian ships stuck in the Persian Gulf.

Indian ship safety and energy crisis: MEA releases details of Jaishankar-Iran talks

India condemned the attack on a Thai cargo ship bound for India after it was hit by an Iranian shell on Wednesday.The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) recalled that ministers had spoken on three occasions on the conflict. “The last conversation discussed issues related to shipping security and India’s energy security. Beyond that, it is too early to say anything,” spokesman Randhir Jaiswal said.The official was responding to a question on whether Iran would allow Indian ships to pass safely through the strait. According to Iranian media reports, Araghchi said in his meeting with Jaishankar that the “insecurity” and shipping problems in the Persian Gulf are “the result of the United States’ aggressive and destabilizing actions, and the international community must hold the United States responsible for this situation.” He also called for condemnation of the actions of the United States and Israel. Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) said on Wednesday it would not allow even a single liter of oil to be transported through the strait. A spokesman for Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps said: “You cannot artificially lower oil prices. The oil price is expected to be US$200 per barrel. Oil prices depend on regional security, and you are the main source of insecurity in the region.” The Indian government said on Wednesday that 28 Indian ships were stuck in the Persian Gulf with 778 seafarers on board. Rajesh Kumar Sinha, special secretary of the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, told a media briefing that 24 vessels carrying 677 seafarers were located in the western side of the Strait of Hormuz, while four vessels carrying 101 people were located on the eastern side.

After their T20 World Cup heroics, can Samson and Kishan break into India’s ODI plans?

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India 50-over question: After their T20 World Cup heroics, can Sanju Samson and Ishan Kishan break into India's ODI plans?
Ishan Kishan and Sanju Samson (ANI Photo)

As India begins a new cycle, culminating in next year’s ODI World Cup, will Sanju and Ishan’s T20 WC heroics be enough to make them candidates?The joy of the T20 World Cup victory is still spreading. Gautam Gambhir Some people ask whether the current white-ball generation in India is the best generation in business. The coach at his most pragmatic said: “I’m not so sure you lost the two bilateral ODI series recently.Push boundaries with our YouTube channel. Subscribe now!The signs are very clear. A T20 World Cup victory is great, but now it’s time to look ahead as India will be judged on their ODI performances over the next year and a half. Reason: ODI World Cup in South Africa from October to November 2027.While the Indian T20 team has performed strongly in the past few years, the ODI team has stuttered a bit. As the winner of the Indian team, Jasprit Bumrah Russia hasn’t played an ODI since the 2023 World Cup final and the results haven’t always been convincing.

Gautam Gambhir looks back on India’s World Cup victory and backs Sanju Samson for the tournament

India lost one ODI series in Sri Lanka in 2024, one in Australia in 2025 and another at home to New Zealand earlier this year. In between, the Champions Trophy was won in Dubai, but these games were played in conditions designed by the designers to be suitable for spin, a situation that South Africa would not replicate.This brings us to a pertinent question – is there something missing in India’s ODI format?Considering the way white-ball cricket is being played in the new era, one might be tempted to say that explosiveness in the batting department might be an area worthy of discussion. Of course, ODIs are not T20s – which are mainly six-wicket cricket – and you need to maintain a bit of balance in a 50-over format. Nonetheless, now is a good time to ask whether some of the T20 superstars who have the wherewithal to play in the longer format should be considered for ODIs in the run-up to the World Cup.

Ishan and Sanju in ODI and List A cricket matches

Two obvious names that can be discussed immediately are Sanzhou Samson and Ishan Kishan. Sanju played a role in the most crucial phase of the T20 World Cup, while Ishan is a proven 50-match player with a highest score of 210 runs in ODIs. Sanju, on the other hand, has an ODI average of 56.66 and a strike rate of 99.60.Former India batsman WV Raman feels that Sanju has all the ingredients that can make him successful in ODIs. “He is a great player and whatever issues he had with his character, he has sorted them out. I believe Sanju has what it takes to be successful in ODIs,” Raman told TOI.But then the question arises: Where are the vacancies? Sanju is essentially an opener and India’s current two ODI openers are Rohit Sharma and Shubman Gill. Rohit had some up-and-down performances in the only game he played while Shubman was the team captain. Former state elector Devang Gandhi added Yashasvi Jaiswal to the list. “The next one is Jaiswal, how can you get someone else ahead of him if there is space? I have nothing against Samson, but let him come back to domestic one-day cricket and then try to make an ODI comeback. This is how selectors should think,” Gandhi said.However, Raman believes in backing the player when he is in good form. “The team management should find a place for Sanju. For me, Sanju is good enough for ODIs,” Raman said.At the same time, Ishan may have more flexibility in finding a place. The Jharkhand left-hander can be in the top three or ranked lower. Moreover, like Sanju, he is also a wicketkeeper and can serve as KL Rahul’s deputy. “But, there are Ritha Pant. What did Pant do wrong to deserve his removal from the ODI body? These are very talented young players we are talking about and they should be treated with caution. ” said Gandhi.Indian cricket will head into the IPL in a few weeks and going by recent trends, performance during the two-month tournament will serve as an important benchmark for the selection of different formats.Ishan, who plays at No. 3 for Sunrisers Hyderabad, and Sanju, who opens the batting for his new team, Chennai Super Kings, will have a chance to knock down every option gate.However, Gandhi believed that this should not be the case.“Don’t forget, there are hardly any close fielders in T20s. The aim of every bowler is containment. But that is not always the case in ODIs,” the former India opener said.

For a full list of matches, venues and times, check out the full IPL 2026 Scheduleschedule and match dates for each team.
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Candace Owens shares new Charlie Kirk photoshoot video; slams and warns ‘enemies’: ‘It’s so shameless’

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conservative podcast Candace Owens Shared a new clip from the day on Thursday Charlie Kirk assassinated. The Turning Point USA founder was shot and killed last September while attending an event at Utah Valley University.

Candace Owens shares new footage from the day of Charlie Kirk's assassination. (Facebook/Candace Owens, x/@TheMilkBarTV)
Candace Owens shares new footage from the day of Charlie Kirk’s assassination. (Facebook/Candace Owens, x/@TheMilkBarTV)

Owens has since shared numerous conspiracy theories, including accusations that Israel was involved, and noted that TPUSA’s senior leadership, including Charlie’s wife and new CEO, Erica Kirk.

Now, she’s shared a video that appears to show different angles of the moment Kirk was shot. “When Charlie Kirk was shot, Candace Owens just threw the entire video clip off camera and behind him,” one page noted. The statement added, “She also posted photos of the interior of the SUV, which contained the plastic debris that transported Charlie to the hospital.”

Owens once again pointed to the “lack of gore” she previously noted in Kirk’s shooting. She also reiterated her claim that the bullet did not “go through.”

Owens also issued a stern warning to Kirk’s “enemies” after sharing the video and photos on her podcast. She wrote on

ALSO READ | Candace Owens’ Erika Kirk, name in docs sparks heat, Epstein claims; ‘Totally unethical’

Owens added, “I will not allow Charlie’s enemies to purchase him like a slave market in the afterlife. I reject that. No.”

Candace Owens gets slammed for sharing new Charlie Kirk video

Owens was slammed by many online for sharing the video just months after Kirk’s assassination. They noted that she had been “sitting” on it.

“Candace Owens… pathological narcissist, neurological blank slate where empathy should beat… has been hoarding behind-the-head assassination footage of Charlie Kirk like a serial killer keeping trophies in a basement freezer,” one person said wrote on X.

other additional “This woman is completely shameless – has no boundaries and doesn’t care about anyone but herself. She makes me physically sick. She doesn’t care at all about his children or the horror they will one day witness because of her. That video was like a punch to my soul – I can’t even watch anything from that day anymore. Pure, unfiltered evil.”

Another one commented “She has no reason today to act like she hasn’t at any time in the last six months — except that she knows people are tired of her show going nowhere and wants to bring them back by exploiting Kirk’s death again.” The person noted that the full video shared by Owens can be found on her website.

Owens has also come under fire in the past for his actions related to Kirk’s murder. Erica herself called out Owens, asking her to “stop” spreading conspiracy theories. Meanwhile, authorities arrested Tyler Robinson in connection with the shooting and he is on trial for murder.

The hidden costs of children’s excessive use of screen media

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New study highlights how Indian children are outperforming the world Screen time guidecan have lasting effects on health and cognitive abilitiesMultiple screens have become an integral part of children’s lives. But is it safe for young teens to spend so much time on screens? Existing findings suggest that while devices such as smartphones, laptops, tablets and televisions can aid learning, their overuse can lead to adverse health and developmental outcomes.A recent study* published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry examined children and adolescents with mental disorders to assess their screen usage habits. The findings are shocking: the average screen time is 3.1 hours per day. Importantly, two-thirds of the 212 study participants (average age 13 years) exceeded recommended screen time limits set by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The guidelines recommend no screen time for children under two years old (except for video calls), no more than one hour of screen time per day for children aged two to four years old, and no more than two hours of screen time per day for children five years and older.

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The study showed that among the 212 children and teenagers who participated in the study, television (66%) and mobile phones (70.3%) were the most commonly used devices. Alarmingly, according to the DSM-5 Internet Gaming Disorder criteria, 22.2% of children meet criteria for screen media addiction. DSM-5 is the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a guide used by researchers to diagnose, classify, and treat mental health disorders.Addiction is more common among boys, boys in joint or extended families, and children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental or disruptive disorders.Excessive screen use can lead to obesity, sedentary behavior, poor eating habits and disrupted sleep. Cognitively, prolonged exposure can impair language development, executive functioning, and emerging literacy skills. Research has even shown that preschoolers who are frequently exposed to screens experience changes in brain structure, specifically affecting white matter tracts (which serve as the brain’s communication network) that are critical for learning and communication.Psychologically, children who are addicted to screen media often exhibit deception (sneaking or lying about using a device), preoccupation, withdrawal symptoms, and intrafamily conflict. Screen use can also interfere with friendships and family activities while increasing the likelihood of cyberbullying, unsafe online content and negative emotional states.The study highlights the urgent need for parental awareness and supervision. Parents often allow their children with neurodevelopmental disorders to have extra screen time as a coping mechanism, but this can lead to more problems. In a joint family setting, inconsistent parenting rules may further exacerbate this problem.In summary, screen media use by children is not inherently harmful, but excessive and unregulated use can pose significant risks to physical health, cognitive development, and emotional well-being. With nearly a quarter of children receiving psychiatric care showing signs of addiction, routine assessment of screen habits and strict adherence to recommended guidelines are important steps to protect the next generation.(*Problems in the use of screen media among children and adolescents attending child and adolescent psychiatric services in tertiary care centers in northern India, by Venkatesh Raju, Akhilesh Sharma, Ruchita Shah, Ravikanth Tangella, Sana Devi Yumnam, Jyoti Singh, Jaivinder Yadav and Sandeep Grover)

‘They’re going to take over the Middle East’: Trump says Iran has 1,200 missiles targeting four countries

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'They're going to take over the Middle East': Trump says Iran has 1,200 missiles targeting four countries

President of the United States Donald Trump It is claimed that Iran has launched about 1,200 missiles at multiple Middle Eastern countries, and tensions have escalated due to new threats from Iran’s newly appointed supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.In an interview on Fox’s “The Brian Kilmeade Show,” Trump claimed that Tehran had been preparing to dominate the region militarily.“In the last four months, Iran has had thousands of missiles targeting all of these Middle Eastern countries,” he said.“They’re going to take over the Middle East, they’re going to control everything, the UAE, Qatar, Oman and Saudi Arabia,” Trump said, adding that Iran had “1,200 missiles aimed at those countries.”

‘Well, what can I do…’: Trump makes shocking statement after two ships ‘hit’ by Iran in Hormuz

Khamenei issued a statement on Thursday saying Iran would not back down from its ongoing conflict with the United States and Israel.“We will not hesitate to avenge your martyrs,” Khamenei said in a letter to the Iranian nation.Earlier reports stated that Khamenei’s father was killed in an attack by the United States and Israel on a compound in Tehran on February 28. He was injured and may be in a coma.Trump also said that despite speculation about Khamenei’s condition, he may still be alive.“I think he might be. I think he’s damaged, but I think he might be alive in some form, you know,” Trump told Brian Kilmeade in an interview set to air at 10:06 a.m. (local time) on Friday.Addressing concerns about maritime security in the region, Trump said ships should continue to pass through the Strait of Hormuz, a vital global shipping route.“Cross the Strait of Hormuz and show some courage,” he said, adding, “There is nothing to be afraid of. They have no navy and we sunk all their ships.”His comments come as recent military exchanges have heightened tensions in the region and amid growing uncertainty about Iran’s leadership following the attacks.

New York CEO recalls firing ‘super senior and meritorious people at Microsoft’ who joined his team

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daytona CEO Ivan Burazin recently sparked a viral debate after revealing why he fired a “decorated” former Microsoft employee. Brazin said there was a “total mismatch” in senior hires, not because of a lack of skills but because of fundamental differences in work ethics between big tech companies and startups. While a corporate environment provides structured tasks, Brazin believes startups require a “hunting” instinct that many corporate veterans lack.

Ivan Burazin, co-founder and CEO of Daytona. (X/@ivanburazin)
Ivan Burazin, co-founder and CEO of Daytona. (X/@ivanburazin)

“We once hired a guy from Microsoft. The result was a complete mismatch and we had to let them go,” Ivan Burazin wrote on Twitter.

Also read: American technician says CTO fired him twice in one month, CEO intervenes: “I was threatened”

He clarified that the dismissal was not due to poor performance but a fundamental disconnect in work ethics. He noted: “All work is expected to come in. Whatever comes in, they get done; if it doesn’t, they do nothing. In large tech/corporations, work is pushed to you by the market or management. In small early-stage startups, you have to find it yourself. No one is paying for you.”

How was the social media reaction?

The post sparked a wave of reactions, with many highlighting the clear cultural divide between big tech giants and startups. Some critics, meanwhile, believe the fallout stems from CEOs’ failure to set clear expectations during the hiring process.

One person observed, “Large companies reward execution within the system. Startups reward initiative amid chaos. The real difference is not talent, but someone waiting for a job, versus creating a job.” Another commented: “You failed to define the job profile for them. This is more of an onboarding, expectation management, and role definition issue than an inherent lack of work ethic in the people you fired.”

Also read: Indian-origin founder reflects on losing ‘best employee’ after rejecting work-from-home request: ‘I said no because…’

A third said, “Big tech teaches you how to do good work at a desk. Startups need someone to build the desk, find the work, haul the work back, and not wait to be told that the desk is necessary. They are not the same people. Interviews almost never reveal which one you have.”

A fourth wrote, “Big companies teach you how to execute. Startups force you to create jobs. At startups, no one assigns problems. You have to find them, own them, and solve them. This shift breaks down a lot of otherwise impressive resumes.”

Ivan Burazin is the co-founder and CEO of Daytona. He launched his own startup in 2023.

When medical care fails: What SC’s passive euthanasia ruling means

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The Supreme Court on Wednesday issued a landmark ruling that revisited one of medicine’s most difficult ethical issues, allowing the withdrawal of artificial life support, commonly known as passive euthanasia, from a 31-year-old man who had been comatose for more than 13 years. The judgment in the Harish Rana case marks the first time that a court has directly allowed passive euthanasia for patients in a permanent vegetative state. Dr Sushma Bhatnagar Former Dean, AIIMS, Professor of Oncology, Anesthesiology and Palliative Medicine tells us toy What this means in medical practice and how doctors decide when life support should be withdrawn.What does passive euthanasia mean in medical practice?Simply put, it involves the withdrawal of life support, the discontinuation of certain forms of artificial support, in order to prolong life without improving the patient’s condition. For example, doctors may stop artificial feeding, fluids, or other life-sustaining interventions when they are no longer beneficial. The aim is not to actively end life, but to stop treatments that only prolong suffering and allow the disease to progress naturally when recovery is not possible.Under what circumstances would a doctor consider discontinuing life support?Doctors consider this when treatment no longer helps the patient and only increases pain. In this situation, continued aggressive medical support may not be in the best interest of the patient. Conditions may include a permanent vegetative state, severe and irreversible brain damage, advanced cancer, end-stage renal failure when dialysis is no longer effective, or advanced heart disease when treatment options have been exhausted. It may involve withdrawal of ventilatory support, discontinuation of medications to artificially maintain blood pressure, dialysis, artificial feeding through a tube, or other interventions that maintain body function without improving the patient’s condition.

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In India, how do doctors determine that a patient has no chance of recovery and what safeguards must be taken before withdrawing life support?There are established medical standards and tests. For example, specific tools are used to confirm conditions such as coma or vegetative state. For advanced diseases such as advanced cancer, prognosis and chances of recovery are assessed using evidence-based medicine guidelines. In India, review by primary and secondary medical boards is often required before a decision is taken. In some cases, hospital ethics committees may also be involved to ensure that the process adheres to medical ethics and legal guidelines set by the Supreme Court. These measures ensure that the decision is medically sound and ethically sound.How important is a living will or advance directive?They are very important. If patients make it clear in advance what treatments they do or do not want in this situation, doctors and families can follow those wishes. Respecting patient autonomy is a basic principle of medical ethics.How often do doctors receive requests to withdraw life support in India?This is still relatively rare in India.Limited awareness of advance directives. Culturally, many families find it difficult to accept death as a natural part of life.What is the difference between active and passive euthanasia, and how does the latter differ from assisted suicide or assisted dying?Active euthanasia involves the intentional administration of drugs to cause death. Passive euthanasia refers to the withdrawal or cessation of artificial life-sustaining treatment and involves the discontinuation of medical interventions that are no longer beneficial. Assisted suicide involves actively helping a person end their life, usually by providing medication that the person takes themselves.What are some common misconceptions about passive euthanasia?Many people believe this means the doctor is actively trying to end the patient’s life. In fact, it often involves discontinuing medical interventions that are no longer helpful and focusing on comfort, care, and dignity at the end of life.From a medical ethics perspective, why are these practices treated differently?Medical ethics emphasizes doing no harm and avoiding unhelpful treatments. Withdrawing from treatment can be considered ethically appropriate when treatment only prolongs suffering without any realistic chance of recovery.

Pentagon to Congress: The United States spent more than $11.3 billion in the first six days of the war

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Pentagon to Congress: The United States spent more than $11.3 billion in the first six days of the war

Pentagon officials told U.S. lawmakers at a closed briefing on Capitol Hill on Tuesday that they estimated the cost of the war against Iran in the first six days alone to exceed $11.3 billion, according to three people familiar with the matter.The estimate does not include many of the costs associated with the operation, such as the construction of military hardware and personnel before the first attack. So as the Pentagon continues to calculate the costs accumulated in the first week, lawmakers expect the number to grow significantly.Still, it appears to be the most comprehensive assessment Congress has received yet, as questions grow about the war’s goals, scope and time frame. The New York Times and The Washington Post previously reported that defense officials said in recent congressional briefings that the military consumed $5.6 billion worth of ammunition in the first two days of the war.This quantity and ammunition burn rate are much greater than publicly disclosed. The Center for Strategic and International Studies estimates the cost of the first 100 hours of operations at $3.7 billion, or $891.4 million per day.Weapons used in the first wave of bombings include AGM-154 glide bombs, which can cost between $578,000 and $836,000. The Navy purchased 3,000 of them nearly two decades ago. The U.S. military has since said it would switch to much lower-cost bombs such as the Joint Direct Attack Munition. The smallest size warhead sells for about $1,000, and the guidance kit costs about $38,000.Some Republicans — including Kentucky Sen. Mitch McConnell, the chairman of the Pentagon funding subcommittee — have pushed for more U.S. spending on arms production over the course of multiple administrations.But other Republicans have balked at increasing military funding and in recent days have questioned the idea of ​​approving costly supplemental funding for a conflict they fear could become endless. Democrats have expressed considerable skepticism about their willingness to support emergency funding measures for the action.