China is accelerating the use of robots in one of its most critical systems: the national power grid. State-owned State Grid Corporation of China has outlined plans to invest about US$1 billion (approximately 6.8 billion yuan) to purchase about 8,500 robots, with deployment expected to expand by 2026. The machines will assist in the inspection and maintenance of substations and transmission networks, including in remote or hazardous environments. The move reflects China’s broader efforts to improve the efficiency, safety and reliability of electricity delivery as demand grows, while also advancing China’s ambitions in industrial robotics and artificial intelligence infrastructure.
What China’s $1 billion robot rollout involves
The planned fleet includes a combination of machine types already tested or deployed in grid operations. The quadruped robot, often referred to as a robot dog, is designed to perform patrols and inspections in challenging terrain and large substations. Wheeled robots equipped with robotic arms are being developed for controlled maintenance work that requires precise handling. Humanoid robots are also part of the wider vision, although they still play a limited and largely experimental role. Domestic companies such as Unitree Robotics, Deep Robotics and UBTech Robotics are contributing to the development of these systems. Current deployments are still primarily focused on inspection rather than complex repair work, particularly in structured substation environments.
What are these robots designed to do?
Grid robots are used to support routine and high-risk operations within the grid. They can use thermal imaging and other sensors to detect faults, monitor equipment condition and identify anomalies that may not be immediately visible to human inspectors. They are also deployed to inspect transmission lines in mountainous or difficult-to-access areas, reducing the need for personnel to enter hazardous locations. In controlled settings, some robots can perform basic, repetitive maintenance tasks. These features are being trialled across multiple regions and help reduce reliance on the riskiest manual checks.
Change the way you work
Despite the massive rollout, robots are not expected to replace human maintenance workers. Their role is to supplement the existing workforce by reducing exposure to hazardous conditions, improving inspection consistency and enabling faster fault detection in large networks. Human technicians remain critical for complex repairs, system-level decision-making and emergency management. This shift represents an evolution in the way work is done, with machines handling specific tasks while people retain overall control.
Why China is investing heavily in grid automation
China has one of the largest and most complex power networks in the world, covering a vast geographical area including remote and rugged terrain. Maintaining this system poses significant logistical challenges, especially as electricity demand continues to grow due to industrial expansion, urbanization and the growing energy demands of digital infrastructure. The development of ultra-high voltage transmission systems has further increased this complexity. Robotics offer a practical way to increase efficiency, reduce risk and enable more consistent monitoring across your network.
Entering the field of industrial robots
The grid automation plan is part of a broader national strategy to expand robotics and artificial intelligence capabilities. Industrial environments such as power networks provide structured conditions suitable for automation and generate continuous operational data that can be used to refine AI systems over time. Large-scale deployment in such environments enables companies and national operators to develop the technology beyond laboratory conditions, accelerating its real-world application.
What this means for the future of power systems
China’s approach highlights how critical infrastructure is becoming a testing ground for robotics and artificial intelligence technologies. While full automation of the grid is still some way off, the increasing use of machines for inspections and routine maintenance could impact the way utilities operate around the world. The shift is gradual, with robots playing a clear role in existing systems, improving efficiency and safety, while human supervision remains central.
